During the test, electrodes are strategically placed on the patient's chest to connect them to an electrocardiogram (ECG) machine. These electrodes monitor the heart’s electrical activity in real time. The patient is asked to either walk on a treadmill or pedal a stationary bike, with the intensity of the exercise progressively increasing. The gradual increase in physical activity ensures that the heart is stressed in a controlled and safe manner. While the test primarily monitors the heart’s electrical patterns, other vital signs such as heart rate and blood pressure are continuously recorded to provide a comprehensive overview of how the heart and circulatory system are functioning under stress.
One of the main objectives of the exercise ECG stress test is to detect coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle, become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow. Under physical exertion, the heart demands more oxygen, and any blockages in these arteries become more evident. Abnormalities in the ECG readings during exercise can signal that the heart is not receiving sufficient blood, which may suggest the presence of CAD.
In addition to diagnosing CAD, the test can help determine the cause of symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, or palpitations, which may not be present at rest but arise during physical activity. It also assists in evaluating how well treatments, such as medications or surgeries, are managing the patient’s condition. While the test is generally safe, it is conducted under close medical supervision to immediately address any complications that may arise.
Overall, the exercise ECG stress test is a crucial component in the early detection and management of cardiovascular diseases. By revealing hidden heart problems, it plays a vital role in preventing life-threatening events like heart attacks and enables timely medical interventions.
Understanding the Exercise ECG Stress Test: A Key Tool for Heart Health
